:root {
  --background: #ffffff;
  --surface: #f7f9fa;
  --surface-strong: #eef2f4;
  --text: #1d272d;
  --muted: #64727a;
  --faint: #89949a;
  --line: #dfe5e8;
  --accent: #276b79;
  --accent-dark: #1f5863;
  --content: 1040px;
  --reading: 760px;
  --radius: 6px;
}

*,
*::before,
*::after {
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

html {
  scroll-behavior: smooth;
}

body {
  margin: 0;
  background: var(--background);
  color: var(--text);
  font-family: Inter, ui-sans-serif, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", sans-serif;
  font-size: 16px;
  line-height: 1.7;
  text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
}

img {
  display: block;
  max-width: 100%;
  height: auto;
}

a {
  color: var(--accent);
  text-decoration-thickness: 1px;
  text-underline-offset: 0.18em;
}

a:hover {
  color: var(--accent-dark);
}

h1,
h2,
h3,
p,
figure {
  margin-top: 0;
}

h1,
h2,
h3 {
  color: #162127;
  font-weight: 620;
  line-height: 1.25;
  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
}

h1 {
  font-size: clamp(2.35rem, 6vw, 4.15rem);
}

h2 {
  font-size: clamp(1.55rem, 3vw, 2.15rem);
}

h3 {
  font-size: 1.08rem;
}

.page-shell,
.nav-shell {
  width: min(calc(100% - 48px), var(--content));
  margin-inline: auto;
}

.narrow-shell {
  max-width: var(--reading);
}

.skip-link {
  position: fixed;
  top: 12px;
  left: 12px;
  z-index: 20;
  padding: 8px 12px;
  background: var(--text);
  color: #fff;
  transform: translateY(-150%);
}

.skip-link:focus {
  transform: translateY(0);
}

.site-header {
  position: sticky;
  top: 0;
  z-index: 10;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.96);
}

.nav-shell {
  min-height: 62px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 32px;
}

.brand {
  color: var(--text);
  font-size: 0.94rem;
  font-weight: 650;
  letter-spacing: 0.01em;
  text-decoration: none;
}

.site-nav {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 26px;
}

.site-nav a {
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 0.86rem;
  text-decoration: none;
}

.site-nav a:hover {
  color: var(--text);
}

/* Publication archive */
.archive-hero {
  padding: clamp(76px, 10vw, 128px) 0 clamp(64px, 8vw, 96px);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.archive-hero-shell {
  max-width: 880px;
}

.eyebrow,
.section-kicker,
.paper-venue,
.publication-meta {
  margin-bottom: 14px;
  color: var(--accent);
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  font-weight: 650;
  letter-spacing: 0.105em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.archive-hero h1 {
  margin-bottom: 22px;
}

.archive-intro {
  max-width: 720px;
  margin-bottom: 0;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: clamp(1.05rem, 2vw, 1.24rem);
  line-height: 1.65;
}

.publication-index {
  padding: 74px 0 92px;
}

.publication-index + .publication-index {
  padding-top: 0;
}

.index-heading {
  display: flex;
  align-items: baseline;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 20px;
  margin-bottom: 24px;
  padding-bottom: 14px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.index-heading h2 {
  margin-bottom: 0;
  font-size: 1.35rem;
}

.index-heading span {
  color: var(--faint);
  font-size: 0.84rem;
}

.publication-list {
  display: grid;
  gap: 0;
}

.publication-card {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(240px, 320px) minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: clamp(28px, 5vw, 54px);
  padding: 38px 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.publication-cover {
  align-self: start;
  overflow: hidden;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: var(--radius);
  background: var(--surface);
}

.publication-cover img {
  width: 100%;
  aspect-ratio: 16 / 9;
  object-fit: contain;
  transition: opacity 160ms ease;
}

.publication-cover:hover img {
  opacity: 0.9;
}

.publication-card-body {
  align-self: center;
}

.publication-meta {
  margin-bottom: 8px;
  color: var(--faint);
  letter-spacing: 0.06em;
}

.publication-card h3 {
  max-width: 680px;
  margin-bottom: 8px;
  font-size: clamp(1.25rem, 2.5vw, 1.68rem);
}

.publication-card h3 a {
  color: var(--text);
  text-decoration: none;
}

.publication-card h3 a:hover {
  color: var(--accent);
}

.publication-original-title {
  margin: -2px 0 10px;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", "PingFang SC", "Noto Sans CJK SC", sans-serif;
  font-size: 0.92rem;
}

.publication-authors {
  margin-bottom: 10px;
  color: #4f5d64;
  font-size: 0.9rem;
}

.publication-summary {
  max-width: 650px;
  margin-bottom: 14px;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 0.93rem;
  line-height: 1.65;
}

.publication-links,
.resource-links {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 10px;
}

.publication-links a {
  font-size: 0.86rem;
  font-weight: 600;
}

.archive-about {
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: var(--surface);
  padding: 60px 0;
}

.archive-about-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 180px minmax(0, 660px);
  gap: 50px;
}

.archive-about h2 {
  margin-bottom: 0;
  font-size: 1.3rem;
}

.archive-about p {
  margin-bottom: 0;
  color: var(--muted);
}

/* Paper page */
.paper-header {
  width: min(calc(100% - 48px), var(--content));
  margin-inline: auto;
  padding: 72px 0 84px;
}

.paper-heading {
  max-width: 900px;
  margin: 0 auto 50px;
  text-align: center;
}

.back-link {
  display: inline-block;
  margin-bottom: 34px;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  text-decoration: none;
}

.paper-venue {
  margin-bottom: 16px;
}

.paper-heading h1 {
  margin-bottom: 22px;
  font-size: clamp(2.2rem, 5.6vw, 3.9rem);
  text-wrap: balance;
}

.paper-original-title {
  max-width: 760px;
  margin: -8px auto 20px;
  color: #46565e;
  font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", "PingFang SC", "Noto Sans CJK SC", sans-serif;
  font-size: clamp(1.05rem, 2vw, 1.3rem);
  line-height: 1.55;
}

.paper-description {
  max-width: 760px;
  margin: 0 auto 22px;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: clamp(1rem, 2vw, 1.18rem);
}

.paper-authors {
  margin-bottom: 2px;
  color: #35454d;
  font-size: 0.96rem;
}

.paper-affiliation {
  margin-bottom: 24px;
  color: var(--faint);
  font-size: 0.86rem;
}

.paper-affiliation.has-doi {
  margin-bottom: 2px;
}

.paper-doi {
  margin-bottom: 24px;
  color: var(--faint);
  font-size: 0.83rem;
}

.paper-doi a {
  color: var(--accent-dark);
}

.resource-links {
  justify-content: center;
}

.resource-links a,
.copy-button {
  display: inline-flex;
  min-height: 38px;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  padding: 7px 15px;
  border: 1px solid #b9c7cc;
  border-radius: 4px;
  background: #fff;
  color: var(--accent-dark);
  font: inherit;
  font-size: 0.86rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  line-height: 1.2;
  text-decoration: none;
  cursor: pointer;
}

.resource-links a:first-child {
  border-color: var(--accent);
  background: var(--accent);
  color: #fff;
}

.resource-links a:hover,
.copy-button:hover {
  border-color: var(--accent-dark);
}

.paper-cover {
  margin: 0;
}

.paper-cover img {
  width: 100%;
  height: auto;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: var(--radius);
  background: var(--surface);
}

.paper-cover figcaption,
.architecture-card figcaption {
  margin-top: 10px;
  color: var(--faint);
  font-size: 0.8rem;
  line-height: 1.55;
  text-align: center;
}

.paper-content {
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.section {
  padding: 78px 0;
}

.section + .section {
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.section h2 {
  margin-bottom: 24px;
}

.section p {
  color: #45545b;
}

.section p:last-child {
  margin-bottom: 0;
}

.abstract-lead {
  color: var(--text) !important;
  font-size: clamp(1.12rem, 2vw, 1.3rem);
  line-height: 1.7;
}

.system-section {
  background: var(--surface);
}

.section-heading {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(260px, 1fr) minmax(280px, 0.85fr);
  gap: 50px;
  align-items: end;
  margin-bottom: 36px;
}

.section-heading h2,
.section-heading p,
.section-kicker {
  margin-bottom: 0;
}

.section-heading > p {
  color: var(--muted);
}

.architecture-card {
  margin: 0 0 44px;
  padding: clamp(14px, 3vw, 28px);
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: var(--radius);
  background: #fff;
}

.architecture-card img {
  width: 100%;
  height: auto;
}

.feature-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  gap: 22px;
}

.feature-card {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 2.25fr) minmax(220px, 0.75fr);
  align-items: center;
  overflow: hidden;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: var(--radius);
  background: #fff;
}

.feature-image {
  border-right: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: #fff;
}

.feature-image img {
  width: 100%;
  height: auto;
}

.feature-copy {
  padding: 20px;
}

.feature-copy h3 {
  margin-bottom: 8px;
}

.feature-copy p {
  margin-bottom: 0;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 0.88rem;
  line-height: 1.6;
}

.result-note {
  margin-top: 28px;
}

.result-note p {
  margin-bottom: 12px;
  color: var(--muted);
}

.result-note p:last-child {
  margin-bottom: 0;
}

.condition-list {
  margin: 30px 0;
  padding: 0;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  list-style: none;
}

.condition-list li {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(170px, 0.35fr) minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: 24px;
  padding: 18px 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.condition-list span {
  color: var(--muted);
}

.compact-figure {
  margin-bottom: 0;
}

.thesis-facts {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr);
  margin: 42px 0 0;
  padding: 0;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.thesis-facts div {
  padding: 20px 18px;
  text-align: center;
}

.thesis-facts div + div {
  border-left: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.thesis-facts dt,
.thesis-facts dd,
.tech-specs dt,
.tech-specs dd {
  margin: 0;
}

.thesis-facts dt {
  color: var(--text);
  font-size: 1.45rem;
  font-weight: 650;
  line-height: 1.2;
}

.thesis-facts dd {
  margin-top: 5px;
  color: var(--faint);
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  line-height: 1.4;
}

.research-grid,
.module-list,
.narrative-columns,
.feedback-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: 0 38px;
}

.research-grid article,
.module-list article,
.narrative-columns > div,
.feedback-grid article {
  padding: 24px 0;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.research-grid span,
.result-highlights span,
.study-protocol span {
  display: block;
  margin-bottom: 10px;
  color: var(--accent);
  font-size: 0.72rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.12em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.research-grid h3,
.module-list h3,
.narrative-columns h3,
.feedback-grid h3,
.result-highlights h3,
.study-protocol h3,
.avatar-result h3 {
  margin-bottom: 9px;
}

.research-grid p,
.module-list p,
.narrative-columns p,
.feedback-grid p,
.result-highlights p,
.study-protocol p,
.avatar-result p {
  margin-bottom: 0;
}

.contribution-block {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(180px, 0.35fr) minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: 40px;
  margin-top: 44px;
  padding-top: 28px;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.contribution-block h3 {
  margin: 0;
}

.contribution-block ol {
  margin: 0;
  padding-left: 22px;
}

.contribution-block li + li {
  margin-top: 14px;
}

.diagram-figure {
  max-width: 820px;
  margin-inline: auto;
}

.tech-specs {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.tech-specs div {
  padding: 18px 20px 18px 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.tech-specs dt {
  color: var(--faint);
  font-size: 0.72rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.09em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.tech-specs dd {
  margin-top: 6px;
  color: var(--text);
  font-size: 0.9rem;
}

.figure-pair {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: 24px;
  align-items: start;
}

.figure-pair .architecture-card {
  margin: 0;
}

.narrative-columns {
  margin-top: 42px;
}

.pilot-change-list {
  margin-bottom: 0;
}

.study-protocol {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(4, minmax(0, 1fr));
  margin-top: 44px;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.study-protocol article {
  padding: 22px 20px;
}

.study-protocol article + article {
  border-left: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.measure-block {
  max-width: 780px;
  margin-top: 46px;
}

.measure-block h3 {
  margin-bottom: 14px;
}

.table-scroll {
  overflow-x: auto;
  margin: 0 0 44px;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.results-table {
  width: 100%;
  min-width: 620px;
  border-collapse: collapse;
  font-size: 0.86rem;
}

.results-table th,
.results-table td {
  padding: 13px 16px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
  color: var(--muted);
  text-align: left;
}

.results-table thead th {
  color: var(--faint);
  font-size: 0.72rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.results-table tbody th,
.results-table strong {
  color: var(--text);
}

.results-table tbody tr:last-child th,
.results-table tbody tr:last-child td {
  border-bottom: 0;
}

.result-highlights {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
  margin-bottom: 48px;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.result-highlights article {
  padding: 24px;
}

.result-highlights article + article {
  border-left: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.avatar-result {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(230px, 0.65fr) minmax(0, 1.35fr);
  gap: 44px;
  align-items: center;
  margin-top: 64px;
}

.avatar-result .architecture-card {
  margin: 0;
}

.feedback-grid {
  gap: 0 46px;
}

.future-work {
  margin-top: 38px;
}

.future-work h3 {
  margin-bottom: 18px;
}

.future-work ul {
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  list-style: none;
}

.future-work li {
  padding: 15px 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
  color: var(--muted);
}

.future-work strong {
  color: var(--text);
}

.evidence-boundary {
  margin-top: 42px;
  padding: 22px 24px;
  border-left: 3px solid var(--accent);
  background: #fff;
}

.language-note {
  margin-top: 30px;
  background: var(--surface);
}

.authors-section {
  padding: 78px 0 90px;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.authors-section > .page-shell > h2 {
  margin-bottom: 24px;
}

.author-list {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
  margin-bottom: 64px;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.author-list > div {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  padding: 16px 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.author-list > div:nth-child(odd) {
  padding-right: 28px;
}

.author-list > div:nth-child(even) {
  padding-left: 28px;
  border-left: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.author-list strong {
  font-size: 0.92rem;
}

.author-list span {
  color: var(--faint);
  font-size: 0.8rem;
}

.citation-card {
  scroll-margin-top: 84px;
}

.citation-heading {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 20px;
  margin-bottom: 16px;
}

.citation-heading h2 {
  margin-bottom: 0;
}

.copy-button.is-copied {
  border-color: var(--accent);
  color: var(--accent);
}

.citation-plain {
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 0.9rem;
}

.citation-card pre {
  overflow-x: auto;
  margin: 18px 0 0;
  padding: 20px;
  border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: var(--radius);
  background: var(--surface);
  color: #334148;
  font: 0.8rem/1.65 ui-monospace, SFMono-Regular, Consolas, "Liberation Mono", monospace;
  white-space: pre-wrap;
}

.copy-status {
  min-height: 1.5em;
  margin: 8px 0 0;
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: 0.78rem;
}

.site-footer {
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  color: var(--faint);
  font-size: 0.8rem;
}

.site-footer .page-shell {
  min-height: 76px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 20px;
}

.site-footer a {
  color: var(--muted);
}

@media (max-width: 780px) {
  .page-shell,
  .nav-shell,
  .paper-header {
    width: min(calc(100% - 32px), var(--content));
  }

  .site-nav {
    gap: 16px;
  }

  .publication-card {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 22px;
  }

  .publication-cover {
    max-width: 520px;
  }

  .archive-about-grid,
  .section-heading {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 18px;
  }

  .feature-card {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .condition-list li {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 4px;
  }

  .research-grid,
  .module-list,
  .narrative-columns,
  .feedback-grid,
  .figure-pair,
  .result-highlights,
  .avatar-result,
  .contribution-block {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .contribution-block {
    gap: 18px;
  }

  .tech-specs {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  }

  .study-protocol {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  }

  .study-protocol article:nth-child(odd) {
    border-left: 0;
  }

  .study-protocol article:nth-child(n + 3) {
    border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  }

  .result-highlights article + article {
    border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
    border-left: 0;
  }

  .feature-image {
    border-right: 0;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
  }

  .paper-header,
  .section,
  .authors-section {
    padding-block: 60px;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 520px) {
  body {
    font-size: 15px;
  }

  .site-header {
    position: static;
  }

  .thesis-facts {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  }

  .thesis-facts div:nth-child(3) {
    border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
    border-left: 0;
  }

  .thesis-facts div:nth-child(4) {
    border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  }

  .tech-specs,
  .study-protocol {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .study-protocol article + article {
    border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
    border-left: 0;
  }

  .nav-shell {
    min-height: 56px;
  }

  .site-nav a:nth-child(n + 3) {
    display: none;
  }

  .archive-hero {
    padding: 68px 0 58px;
  }

  .publication-index {
    padding: 52px 0 66px;
  }

  .publication-index + .publication-index {
    padding-top: 0;
  }

  .paper-heading {
    text-align: left;
  }

  .resource-links {
    justify-content: flex-start;
  }

  .author-list {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .author-list > div:nth-child(odd),
  .author-list > div:nth-child(even) {
    padding-inline: 0;
    border-left: 0;
  }

  .citation-heading {
    align-items: flex-start;
    flex-direction: column;
  }
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  html {
    scroll-behavior: auto;
  }

  *,
  *::before,
  *::after {
    transition-duration: 0.01ms !important;
  }
}